Kwicandelo lezonyango zanamhlanje, ithambo elenziweyo, njengeteknoloji ebalulekileyo yezonyango, lizise ithemba elitsha kwizigulana ezingenakubalwa. Ngoncedo lwesayensi yezinto kunye nobunjineli bezonyango, ithambo elenziweyo lidlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi ekulungisweni nasekuvuselelweni kwamathambo. Kwangaxeshanye, abantu banemibuzo emininzi malunga nethambo elenziweyo. Umzekelo, zeziphi izifo ezifanelekela ithambo elenziweyo? Ngaba izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza ithambo elenziweyo ziyingozi emzimbeni womntu? Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zethambo elenziweyo? Okulandelayo, siza kuqhuba uhlalutyo olunzulu lwale miba.
Izifo ezifanelekileyo zokufakelwa kwamathambo okwenziwa
Itekhnoloji yokufakelwa kwamathambo okwenziwa isetyenziswa kakhulu ekunyangeni izifo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene namathambo. Kwicandelo leengozi zamathambo, xa iziphene zamathambo zibangelwa kukwaphuka okukhulu kwamathambo, ithambo lokwenziwa lingasetyenziswa njengezinto zokugcwalisa ukugcwalisa inxalenye yethambo elahlekileyo nokukhuthaza ukuphiliswa kwendawo yokuqhekeka kwamathambo. Umzekelo, ukuba isigulana sinokwaphuka okuvulekileyo, ithambo lonakele kakhulu kwaye ukufakelwa kwamathambo okwenziwa kuyo lonakele, ithambo lokwenziwa linokubonelela ngenkxaso kwindawo yokuqhekeka kwamathambo kwaye lenze indawo encinci evumela ukukhula kweeseli zamathambo.
Xa kufikwa kunyango lwe-tumor yethambo, iziphene ezinkulu zamathambo zihlala zishiywa emva kokususwa kwe-tumor. Ukufakelwa kwamathambo okwenziwayo kunokunceda ukubuyisela imo kunye nokusebenza kwamathambo, ukugcina ukuqina kwamalungu, kunye nokuphepha ukukhubazeka kwamalungu okubangelwa kukulahlekelwa ngamathambo. Ukongeza, kutyando lomgogodla, ithambo lokwenziwa lidla ngokusetyenziswa ekuhlanganiseni i-lumbar, ukuhlanganiswa komlomo wesibeleko ngaphambili kunye neminye imisebenzi. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuzalisa indawo ye-intervertebral, ukukhuthaza ukudibana kwamathambo phakathi kwamathambo omqolo, ukuzinzisa isakhiwo somgogodla, kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu kunye neempawu zokucinezelwa kwemithambo-luvo ezibangelwa zizilonda ze-intervertebral disc kunye nokungazinzi. Ukongeza, kwabanye abaguli abakhulileyo abane-osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, ithambo lokwenziwa linokuphucula amandla e-vertebral emva kokufakelwa, linciphise iintlungu, kwaye liphucule umgangatho wobomi besigulana.
Ukhuseleko lwezinto ezenziwe ngamathambo ezenziweyo
Ukhuseleko lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zamathambo okwenziwa yeyona nto iphambili kubantu. Okwangoku, izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngamathambo okwenziwa ziquka izinto ze-bioceramic (ezifana ne-triccalcium phosphate kunye ne-hydroxyapatite), i-bioglass, izinto zesinyithi (ezifana ne-titanium alloy kunye ne-titanium) kunye nezinto ze-polymer (i-polylactic acid). Ezi zinto ziye zadlula kuphando oluninzi lovavanyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa okungqongqo kweklinikhi ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziswe emzimbeni womntu.
Izinto ze-bioceramic zinokuhambelana okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo kunye ne-osteoconductivity. Ukwakheka kwazo kweekhemikhali kufana nezinto ezingaphiliyo emathanjeni omntu. Zingakhokela iiseli zamathambo ukuba zikhule kwaye zahluke kumphezulu wezinto kwaye zihlangane kancinci kancinci nomzimba womntu. Ngokubanzi, aziyi kubangela iimpendulo ezicacileyo zokungavumi komzimba. I-Bioglass ikwanomsebenzi obalaseleyo webhayoloji kwaye inokwenza unxibelelwano oluqinileyo lweekhemikhali kunye nezicubu zamathambo ukukhuthaza ukulungiswa kunye nokuhlaziywa kwezicubu zamathambo. Ii-alloys ze-titanium kunye ne-titanium zinamandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokuhambelana okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumalungu okwenziwa kunye nezixhobo zokuqinisa amathambo. Idatha yesicelo seklinikhi yexesha elide ikwabonisa ukuba zikhuselekile kakhulu. Izinto ze-polymer ezibolayo zinokuwohloka kancinci kancinci zibe ziimolekyuli ezincinci ezingenabungozi emzimbeni kwaye zitshintshwe kwaye zikhutshwe ngumzimba womntu, ziphephe umngcipheko wotyando lwesibini. Nangona kunjalo, nangona ezi zinto zikhuselekile ngokubanzi, ezinye izigulana zinokuba ne-allergy kwizithako ezithile okanye zibe nezinye iziphumo ezimbi ngenxa yokwahluka komntu ngamnye.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zethambo elenziweyo
Nangona ithambo elenziweyo linokukhuthaza ukulungiswa kwamathambo kwiimeko ezininzi, kunokubakho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Utyando lokufakelwa ngokwalo lunemingcipheko ethile, njengosulelo kunye nokopha. Ukuba inxeba aliphathwanga kakuhle emva kotyando, iintsholongwane zinokungena kwindawo yotyando zize zibangele usulelo, ekugqibeleni zikhokelele ekubeni bomvu kwindawo ethile, ukudumba, iintlungu kunye nomkhuhlane. Kwiimeko ezinzima, zinokuchaphazela ukuphiliswa kwethambo elenziweyo kwaye zide zifune ukuba kususwe ithambo elenziweyo ukuze kususwe ithambo. Ukongeza, emva kokufakelwa kwamathambo elenziweyo, ezinye izigulana zinokufumana iintlungu zasekuhlaleni kunye nokudumba, okunokunxulunyaniswa nempendulo yoxinzelelo lomzimba emva kokufakelwa kwezinto kunye notshintsho oluhambelanayo lwezicubu ezijikelezileyo. Ngokubanzi, iintlungu ziya kuncipha kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa kwizigulana ezimbalwa, iintlungu zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zichaphazela ubomi bazo bemihla ngemihla.
Ukongeza, kuthatha ixesha elithile ukuba amathambo okwenziwa adibane namathambo omntu. Ukuba ahlaselwe ngamandla angaphandle okanye umsebenzi ogqithisileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphiliswa, amathambo okwenziwa anokutshintsha okanye akhululeke, nto leyo echaphazela isiphumo sokulungiswa, kwaye kuya kufuneka utyando ukuze kulungiswe okanye kulungiswe kwakhona. Ukongeza, kumathambo okwenziwa enziwe ngezinto ezibolayo, kukho umahluko ngamnye kwizinga lokubola kunye nenkqubo ye-metabolic yeemveliso zokubola. Ukuba abola ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, asenokungabi naxesha laneleyo lokuxhasa ukulungiswa kwamathambo. Ukuba iimveliso zokubola azinakukhutshwa emzimbeni ngexesha, ziya kuqokelelana kwindawo ethile, nto leyo enokubangela ukuvuvukala kwaye ichaphazele ukulungiswa kwezicubu.
INgokubanzi, ithambo elenziweyo libonelela ngonyango olusebenzayo kwizigulana ezininzi ezinezifo zamathambo. Xa lisetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, linokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bezigulana. Nangona izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza amathambo enziweyo zikhuselekile ngokubanzi, kukho iingozi ezithile kunye nemiphumo emibi. Ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi netekhnoloji, izinto kunye netekhnoloji yamathambo enziweyo kulindeleke ukuba zigqibelele ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo, nto leyo enokuzisa izigulana amava aphezulu onyango kunye nemiphumo emihle yonyango.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-04-2025
