Ngu-CAH Medical | eSichuan, eTshayina
Kubathengi abafuna ii-MOQ eziphantsi kunye nohlobo oluphezulu lwemveliso, ababoneleli beMultispecialty banikezela ngokwezifiso ze-MOQ eziphantsi, izisombululo zezothutho ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni, kunye nokuthengwa kweendidi ezininzi, kuxhaswa ngamava abo atyebileyo kushishino kunye neenkonzo kunye nokuqonda okuqinileyo kweendlela ezintsha zemveliso.
Ⅰ. Yintoni eyenziwa ngugqirha we-craniomaxillofacial?
Utyando lwe-craniomaxillofacial ludla ngokubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:
Uvavanyo kunye nokulungiselela ngaphambi kotyando
Imbali eneenkcukacha kunye novavanyo lomzimba, kubandakanya inkangeleko yobuso kunye nokuvaleka, kwenziwa, kunye nezifundo zomfanekiso wentloko (ezifana ne-CT kunye ne-MRI) ukuvavanya iingxaki kwithambo lentloko. Isicwangciso sotyando esenziwe ngokwezifiso senziwe, kwaye isigulana kunye nosapho baziswa ngokupheleleyo ngeengozi zotyando, iziphumo ezilindelekileyo, kunye nenkqubo yokuchacha emva kotyando. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwangaphambi kotyando, olufana nokubalwa kwegazi elipheleleyo, uvavanyo lokuqina kwegazi, kunye novavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi kunye nezintso, lwenziwa, kunye nokulungiselela umlomo okufunekayo.
I-Anesthesia
Isigulana sihlala sifumana i-anesthesia jikelele ukuqinisekisa intuthuzelo kunye nokhuseleko ngexesha lotyando.
Ucwangciso lokusikwa
Ngokwesicwangciso sotyando, imingxunya efanelekileyo yenzelwe entlokweni, ebusweni, okanye emlonyeni ukuze iveze ngokupheleleyo ulusu lwentloko oluza kunyangwa.
Ukusikwa kwamathambo kunye nokufuduka kwawo
Ukusikwa kwamathambo kwenziwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo, aze amathambo afuduselwe kwindawo efanelekileyo.
Ukulungiswa kwangaphakathi
Izixhobo zokubopha zangaphakathi, ezifana neepleyiti zetitanium kunye nezikrufu, zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisa amathambo asusiweyo kwindawo efanelekileyo, ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokuphiliswa.
Ukuvalwa kwesikrwelo
Emva kokunciphisa amathambo nokuqina kwawo, ukusika kuyavalwa ngononophelo. Ukulungiswa nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwezicubu ezithambileyo kunokuba yimfuneko. Unyango emva kotyando lubandakanya ukuphuma kwegazi emzimbeni, ukubekwa kwetyhubhu yokukhupha amanzi, kunye nokuthungwa kwamanxeba. Emva kotyando, iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zesigulana kufuneka zijongwe ngokusondeleyo, amanyathelo okuthintela usulelo kufuneka aqaliswe, kwaye kufuneka kunikezelwe uqeqesho olufanelekileyo lokubuyisela umzimba kwimeko yesiqhelo.
Ⅱ. Yintoni enokwenziwa ngotyando lwe-craniomaxillofacial?
Ububanzi botyando lwe-craniomaxillofacial buquka ezi zinto zilandelayo:
Ukwahlula ngokwendawo yokukhubazeka: Ukukhubazeka kunokwahlulwahlulwa ngokwezo zekhakayi, ibunzi, i-ethmoid sinus, i-maxilla, ithambo le-zygomatic, ithambo lempumlo, udonga olujikelezayo olusecaleni, kunye ne-mandible.
Ulwahlulo ngokwe-etiology: Ukungena kwe-basilar kubangelwa zizinto ezizalwa nazo okanye ezifunyenweyo kwaye kunokwahlulwahlulwa ngakumbi zibe zizizathu zophuhliso kunye nezizathu ezifunyenweyo. Ukungena kwe-basilar ekuphuhliseni yimeko ezizithintelayo kwiintsana eziphucuka kancinci kancinci kwaye zinyamalale ngokuhamba kweminyaka; iifom ezifunyenweyo zihlala zibangelwa kukwenzakala, iithumba, kunye nezinye izinto. Ngokusekelwe kwindawo yokukhubazeka, inokwahlulwahlulwa ngakumbi ibe yi-midline basilar invagination kunye ne-non-midline basilar invagination.
Ulwahlulo ngokweempawu zeklinikhi: Imizekelo ibandakanya ukukhubazeka okuqhubekekayo kokukhula kwentloko kunye nokwasesiswini (okwaziwa ngokuba yiCrouzon syndrome), ukukhubazeka kwentloko okungabonakaliyo (okwaziwa ngokuba yiCrouzon type I), uhlobo lweCrouzon II, uhlobo lweCrouzon III, ukukhula okugqithisileyo kokuzalwa (okwaziwa ngokuba yiKlippel-Feil syndrome), kunye ne-brachycephaly. Ngokusekelwe kulwahlulo lwe-X-ray, kukho ukuqhekeka okulula kwe-alveolar kunye nokuqhekeka okuntsonkothileyo kwe-alveolar. Ngokusekelwe kutshintsho lwe-pathological, kukho ukuqhekeka okupheleleyo nokungaphelelanga kwe-cleft palates.
Ngokusekelwe kubukhali, kukho amabanga oku-1, okwesibini, okwesithathu, kunye nowesine. Ngokubanzi, ibanga loku-1 liphantsi, ngelixa ibanga lesi-IV liphezulu.
Utyando lobuhle luquka utyando lokunciphisa amathambo oluphezulu olubizwa ngokuba yi-zygomatic bone reduction, utyando lwe-mandibular angle hypertrophy (ukutshintsha ubuso obusikwere bube bubuso obuyi-oval), kunye notyando lwe-osteotomy yesilevu esithe nkqo kunye notyando lokuqhubela phambili (ukulungisa isilevu esincinci).
Iinkqubo zotyando ziquka ukukhupha amazinyo, ukunqunyulwa kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi kwi-alveolar abscess, ukususwa kwethumba, ukulungiswa kwemilebe kunye ne-palate eqhekekileyo, ukulungiswa kwe-hypertrophy yolwimi, kunye nokususwa kwe-jaw cyst.
Ngamafutshane, ububanzi botyando lwe-craniomaxillofacial bubanzi kakhulu, bugubungela uluhlu olubanzi lweemeko, ukusuka kwiingxaki zokuzalwa ukuya kwizingozi ezifunyenweyo, kunye nokulungiswa kokusebenza komzimba ukuya kutyando lobuhle.
Ixesha leposi: Oktobha-16-2025
