I-prosthesis yokufakelwa isinqe ithatha ixesha elingakanani?

I-arthroplasty ye-hip yindlela engcono yotyando yokunyanga i-femoral head necrosis, i-osteoarthritis ye-hip joint, kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-hipubufaziintamo xa sele ikhulile. I-hip arthroplasty ngoku yindlela evuthiweyo efumana udumo kancinci kancinci kwaye inokugqitywa nakwezinye izibhedlele zasemaphandleni. Njengoko inani lezigulane ezithatha indawo ye-hip, izigulana zihlala zixhalabile malunga nokuba i-prosthesis iya kuhlala ixesha elingakanani emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwe-hip kunye nokuba iya kuhlala ubomi bonke. Enyanisweni, ukuba i-hip joint replacement ingasetyenziswa ixesha elingakanani emva kotyando ixhomekeke kwiinkalo ezintathu eziphambili: 1, ukhetho lwezinto: okwangoku kukho izinto ezintathu eziphambili ze-hip joints ezenziweyo: ① intloko ye-ceramic + indebe ye-ceramic: ixabiso liya kuba phezulu. Inzuzo ephambili yale ndibaniselwano kukuba ayigugi kakhulu. Kwi-ceramic friction kunye ne-ceramic, umthwalo ofanayo, ukuguguleka kunye nokukrazula xa kuthelekiswa ne-interface yesinyithi kuncinci kakhulu, kwaye amasuntswana amancinci ashiyekileyo kwi-joint cavity ngenxa yokuguguleka nawo mancinci kakhulu, ngokusisiseko akuyi kubakho mpendulo yokungavumi komzimba kwiisuntswana ezigugulekayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yomsebenzi onzima okanye ukuma okungafanelekanga, kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokugqabhuka kwe-ceramic. Kukwakho nezigulana ezimbalwa kakhulu ezifumana isandi "esikrwempayo" esibangelwa kukungqubana kwe-ceramic ngexesha lomsebenzi.

②Intloko yentsimbi + indebe ye-polyethylene: imbali yesicelo inde kwaye yindibaniselwano yeklasikhi. I-polyethylene ye-polymer eyenziwe ngesinyithi ukuya kwi-polyethylene ephezulu kakhulu, ngokubanzi ayibonakali kwintsebenzo ine-rattle engaqhelekanga, kwaye ayiyi kuphuka njalo njalo. Nangona kunjalo, xa ithelekiswa ne-ceramic ukuya kwi-ceramic friction interface, iguga kancinci ngaphantsi komthwalo ofanayo ngexesha elifanayo. Kwaye kwinani elincinci kakhulu lezigulana ezinobuthathaka, iya kusabela kwi-crushing down debris, okubangela ukudumba okujikeleze i-wear debris ukuba kwenzeke ngokuphendula, kwaye kancinci kancinci intlungu ejikeleze i-prosthesis, i-prosthesis ikhululeke, njl. ③ Intloko yentsimbi + i-metal bushing: i-metal ukuya kwi-metal friction interface (i-cobalt-chromium alloy, ngamanye amaxesha i-stainless steel) Le friction interface isetyenziswe ngeminyaka yoo-1960. Nangona kunjalo, le friction inokuvelisa inani elikhulu lee-metal wear particles, ezi nxalenye zinokutshiswa yi-macrophages, zivelise impendulo yomzimba wangaphandle, ii-ion zesinyithi eziveliswa kukuguga nazo zinokungena egazini, zibangele i-allergy reaction emzimbeni. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, olu hlobo lwamalungu e-interface luyekile. ④ Intloko yeseramikhi ukuya kwi-polyethylene: Iintloko zeseramikhi zinzima kunesinyithi kwaye zezona zinto zokufakelwa ezimelana nokukrweleka. Iseramikhi esetyenziswa ngoku kutyando lokutshintshwa kwamalungu inomphezulu oqinileyo, omelana nokukrweleka, ogudileyo kakhulu onokunciphisa kakhulu izinga lokuguguleka kweendawo zokungqubana kwe-polyethylene. Izinga lokuguguleka elinokubakho lale implant lingaphantsi kunesinyithi ukuya kwi-polyethylene, ngamanye amazwi, iseramikhi ukuya kwi-polyethylene imelana nokuguguleka ngakumbi kunesinyithi ukuya kwi-polyethylene! Ke ngoko, eyona ntlanganisela yehip yokwenziwa ilungileyo, ngokwezinto eziphathekayo, yintlanganisela ye-ceramic ukuya kwi-ceramic. Isizathu sobomi benkonzo ende yale ntlanganisela kukuba izinga lokuguguleka lincitshiswa kalishumi ukuya kumakhulu xa kuthelekiswa namalungu angaphambili, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu ixesha lokusetyenziswa kwamalungu, kwaye amasuntswana okuguguleka ziiminerali ezihambelana nabantu ezingabangela i-osteolysis kunye ne-osteoporosis ejikeleze i-prosthesis, efanelekileyo ngakumbi kwizigulane eziselula ezinomsebenzi ophezulu. 2. Ukubekwa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-hip prosthesis: ngokubekwa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-prosthesis ngexesha lotyando, i-acetabulum kunye ne-femoral stelt Ukuqina okuqinileyo kwe-prosthesis kunye ne-engile efanelekileyo kwenza i-prosthesis ingaxinani kwaye ikhukulise, ngaloo ndlela ingabangela ukukhululeka kwe-prosthesis.

Ukukhuselwa kwelungu labo lesinqe: ukunciphisa ukuthwala ubunzima, imisebenzi enzima (njengokunyuka nokuthwala ubunzima ixesha elide, njl.njl.) ukunciphisa ukuguguleka kwelungu lokufakelwa. Ukongeza, thintela ukwenzakala, kuba ukwenzakala kunokubangela ukwaphuka okujikeleze ilungu lokufakelwa lesinqe, okunokukhokelela ekukhululekeni kwelungu lokufakelwa.

Ngoko ke, iiprostheses zehip ezenziwe ngezinto ezingarhawuzeli kangako, zibeka ngokuchanekileyoisinqekunye nokukhuselwa okufunekayo kwesinqe kunokwenza ukuba i-prosthesis ihlale ixesha elide, kwanobomi bonke.